Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)
EPA, Timnodonic acid, (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-Icosa-5,8,11,14,17-pentaenoic acid.
- CAS
- 10417-94-4
- EC
- 233-891-7
- Sectors
- Nutraceuticals & Supplements, Pharma & Healthcare, Food & Nutrition
Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) (CAS 10417-94-4) is a long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid with a 20-carbon chain and five cis double bonds, supplied as a colorless to pale yellow liquid and used as an active pharmaceutical ingredient and in functional food supplements for heart and cognitive health. As a carboxylic acid with a 20-carbon chain and five cis double bonds, it acts as a precursor for prostaglandin-3, thromboxane-3, and leukotriene-5 groups.
This lipid is prized for its anti-inflammatory properties and its ability to modulate cardiovascular health by reducing triglyceride levels. Commercially, it is often supplied as an Ethyl Ester or Re-esterified Triglyceride (rTG) to ensure maximum bioavailability and stability in finished formulations.
In industrial processing, EPA is handled under inert gas to prevent oxidative degradation and maintain its biological activity. It serves as a high-value active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) and a foundational component in the production of functional food supplements aimed at cognitive and heart health.
Typical Properties
| Molecular formula | C20H30O2 |
|---|---|
| Molecular weight | 302.45 g/mol |
| Appearance | Colorless Oil |
| Form | liquid |
| Color | Colorless to pale yellow |
| Melting point | −54-−53 °C |
| Boiling point | 439°C |
| Density | 0.943 g/mL at 25 °C |
| Flash point | 93 °C |
| GHS signal word | Danger · Corrosive |
| HS code | 29161900 |
| Grades available | Pharma Grade |
Typical literature values for identification; lot-specific results are stated on the certificate of analysis (COA) and the safety data sheet (SDS) that accompany every delivery.
Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)
Applications
- Pharmaceutical Manufacturing: Utilized as an active ingredient in prescription-strength medications designed to treat severe hypertriglyceridemia and cardiovascular risks.
- Nutritional Supplements: Formulated into softgels and liquid emulsions as a concentrated source of Omega-3 for heart, joint, and brain health support.
- Functional Food Fortification: Integrated into specialty dairy products and infant formulas to enhance the nutritional profile and deliver long-chain fatty acids.
Safety & Risks
Eicosapentaenoic acid is classified as non-hazardous for transport; however, it is sensitive to light and heat. Handling requires Protective Gloves and Safety Goggles to prevent skin and eye irritation. It is essential to manage Oxidation Risks by storing in tightly sealed containers under nitrogen.
Packaging
Standard industrial formats include 25 kg Aluminum Carboys, 190 kg Steel Drums (Nitrogen-flushed), and smaller vacuum-sealed foil containers for high-purity laboratory grades.