Sodium Hydroxide
Caustic Soda
- CAS
- 1310-73-2
- EC
- 215-185-5
- Sectors
- Water & Wastewater Treatment, Textiles, Leather & Paper, Food & Nutrition
Sodium Hydroxide (CAS 1310-73-2) is a white, odorless, hygroscopic inorganic base, also called caustic soda, supplied as beads for acid neutralization in water treatment, paper manufacturing, textiles, food processing and soap production. It has a density of 2.13 g/cm³, melting point of 318°C, and boiling point of 1390°C. Highly soluble in water (up to 1090 g/L at 20°C), it generates heat upon dissolution, forming strongly alkaline solutions with pH around 13-14. It absorbs CO2 from air, forming sodium carbonate. Produced via electrolysis of NaCl or lime-soda process.
Typical Properties
| Molecular formula | HNaO |
|---|---|
| Molecular weight | 40 g/mol |
| Form | beads |
| Color | White |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Melting point | 323 °C |
| Boiling point | 1388 °C |
| Density | 2.13 g/cm³ @ Temp: 25 °C |
| Water solubility | SOLUBLE |
| Flash point | 176-178°C |
| pH | >14 (100g/l, H2O, 20°C) |
| GHS signal word | Danger · Corrosive, Irritant / harmful, Health hazard |
| Grades available | Technical Grade, Food Grade |
Typical literature values for identification; lot-specific results are stated on the certificate of analysis (COA) and the safety data sheet (SDS) that accompany every delivery.
Sodium Hydroxide
Applications
Essential in soap and detergent production, paper manufacturing, water treatment for pH control, petroleum refining, textiles, food processing, and metal extraction. Neutralizes acids and saponifies fats.
Safety & Risks
Highly corrosive, causing severe burns to skin, eyes, and mucous membranes; inhalation may damage lungs. Reacts exothermically with water, acids, and metals, producing hydrogen gas. Wear protective gear; UN1823 (solid), Hazard Class 8.
Packaging
In 25kg bags, drums, or bulk tanks for solutions. Airtight containers prevent moisture and CO2 absorption. Transport as corrosive material.